| Abstract |
In a discussion of the resurgence of ethnic nationalism in Central and Eastern Europe, it is argued that while authoritarian socialism is neither the primary nor the sufficient cause, it has promoted various conditions that provide fertile ground for ethnic collective action: (1) a collectivist mentality; (2) systematic political domination and compulsion; (3) systemic shortages and accompanying economic insecurity; and (4) purposeful neglect of the role of the entrepreneur under central planning. Furthermore, these ethnic-based organizations have provided alternative institutions to fill the vacuum left in the wake of the collapse of authoritarian socialism and the demise of communist parties. Economic and political conditions arising from the myths and illusions of authoritarian socialism seem to have supported the development of interest groups based on national, ethnic, racial, or cultural characteristics rather than class. |